GPS RESEARCH LIBRARY: Georgia parole denials citing 'insufficient amount of time served': what the public record shows ============================================================ Georgia Prisoners' Speak — gps.press Generated: 2026-10-04 13:14:16 EDT Research Date: 2026-10-03 Topic: parole JSON: https://gps.press/research-data/georgia-parole-denials-citing-insufficient-amount-of-time-served-what-the-public-record-shows/?format=json SUMMARY ---------------------------------------- This collection sets out facts from public sources on the subject in its title, drawn from Georgia, Florida and other sources. Each entry gives a short statement, the exact passage from the source that supports it, and the source's title, web address and the date it was retrieved. Searches of a source that found no match are listed too, with the wordings that were tried. The entries record what each source said when it was retrieved. They aren't a complete account of the subject, and they don't add analysis or conclusions. LEGAL FACTS (29) ---------------------------------------- - [confirmed] Board Rule 475-3-.05(2): Eight-Year Reconsideration for Life-Sentenced Inmates Board Rule 475-3-.05(2) states that reconsideration of life-sentenced inmates denied parole shall take place at least every eight years, and the Board will inform inmates denied parole of the reasons for such denial without disclosing confidential sources of information or possible discouraging diagnostic opinions. Tags: parole,legal,policy Sources: 475-3-.05 Parole Consideration. - [confirmed] Garner v. Jones: Parole Board discretion over reconsideration dates In Garner v. Jones, the law vests the Parole Board with discretion as to how often to set an inmate's date for reconsideration, with eight years for the maximum. Date: 2000-01-01 Tags: parole,legal,policy Sources: GARNER v. JONES, 529 U.S. 244 (2000) | FindLaw - [confirmed] Pre-2006 Murder Life Sentence: 25-Year Minimum Before Parole Eligibility The Board's Life Sentences page states an offender convicted of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment before July 1, 2006, who has previously been imprisoned under a life sentence, must serve 25 years before becoming eligible for parole consideration. Tags: parole,legal,policy Sources: Life Sentences | State Board of Pardons and Paroles - [confirmed] Sultenfuss v. Snow citation Sultenfuss v. Snow is reported at 35 F.3d 1494, an Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals en banc decision from 1994. Date: 1994-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: Stephen Sultenfuss, Charles McMulling v. Wayne Snow, Jr., James T. Morris, Mobley Howell, Michael... – CourtListener.com - [confirmed] Consecutive Life Sentences Pre-2006: Up to 30 Years Before Parole Eligibility The Board's Life Sentences page states an offender serving consecutive life sentences before July 1, 2006, one of which is for murder, for offenses occurring in the same series of acts, must serve consecutive ten-year periods for each such sentence, up to a maximum of 30 years, before becoming eligible for parole consideration. Tags: parole,legal,policy Sources: Life Sentences | State Board of Pardons and Paroles - [confirmed] Sultenfuss v. Snow: No liberty interest in Georgia parole In Sultenfuss v. Snow, the Eleventh Circuit sitting en banc held that Georgia's parole system does not create a liberty interest in parole protected by the Due Process Clause. Date: 1994-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: Stephen Sultenfuss, Charles McMulling v. Wayne Snow, Jr., James T. Morris, Mobley Howell, Michael... – CourtListener.com - [confirmed] Sultenfuss v. Snow: No legitimate expectation of parole In Sultenfuss v. Snow, the Eleventh Circuit en banc affirmed the district court's judgment that Georgia inmates do not have a legitimate expectation of parole protected by due process, because Georgia's parole system contains a statutory presumption against parole and fails to limit meaningfully the discretion of state officials. Date: 1994-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: Stephen Sultenfuss, Charles McMulling v. Wayne Snow, Jr., James T. Morris, Mobley Howell, Michael... – CourtListener.com - [confirmed] Fuller v. Georgia State Board: Racial equal-protection claim rejected In Fuller v. Georgia State Board of Pardons & Paroles, the Eleventh Circuit held that Fuller, a Georgia inmate who challenged his parole denial on racial equal-protection grounds, failed to provide the 'exceptionally clear proof' of discrimination required because he did not show that he was similarly situated with white inmates who were paroled. Date: 1988-01-01 Tags: parole,legal,demographics Sources: 851 F.2d 1307 - Fuller v. Georgia State Board of Pardons & Paroles — 851 F.2d 1307 | OpenJurist - [confirmed] Fuller v. Georgia State Board citation and date Fuller v. Georgia State Board of Pardons & Paroles is reported at 851 F.2d 1307, decided by the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals on Aug. 9, 1988. Date: 1988-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: 851 F.2d 1307 - Fuller v. Georgia State Board of Pardons & Paroles — 851 F.2d 1307 | OpenJurist - [confirmed] Slakman appeal: Equal protection claim failed for lack of comparator engagement The Eleventh Circuit's opinion in Slakman's appeal ends with the word 'AFFIRMED,' holding that because Slakman did not engage with the 'many factors' that could have distinguished his purported comparators, he failed to state a claim for an equal protection violation. Date: 2021-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: USCA11 Case: 21-12226 Date Filed: 11/02/2021 Page: 1 of 8 - [confirmed] Garner v. Jones: Board declined to shorten reconsideration interval In Garner v. Jones, the Georgia Board of Pardons and Paroles, when it applied an amended rule extending the parole reconsideration interval to the respondent's case, declined to shorten that interval, citing his multiple offenses and the circumstances and nature of his second offense. Date: 2000-01-01 Tags: parole,legal,policy Sources: Garner v. Jones | 529 U.S. 244 (2000) | Justia U.S. Supreme Court Center - [confirmed] Garner v. Jones: Georgia parole reconsideration timeline and Rule 475-3-.05(2) In Garner v. Jones, Georgia law required the Board of Pardons and Paroles to consider inmates serving life sentences for parole after seven years, and the Board's Rule 475-3-.05(2) originally required reconsiderations every three years before the Board extended the reconsideration period to at least every eight years. Date: 2000-01-01 Tags: parole,legal,policy Sources: Garner v. Jones | 529 U.S. 244 (2000) | Justia U.S. Supreme Court Center - [confirmed] Garner v. Jones: Ex post facto controlling inquiry The Supreme Court in Garner v. Jones held that the controlling inquiry for an ex post facto challenge to a change in Georgia's parole reconsideration rule is whether the change creates a significant risk of prolonging the inmate's incarceration, and remanded because that risk had not been shown on the record. Date: 2000-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: Garner v. Jones | 529 U.S. 244 (2000) | Justia U.S. Supreme Court Center - [confirmed] Fuller v. Georgia State Board: Quasi-judicial immunity for Board members The Eleventh Circuit held in Fuller that individual members of the Georgia Parole Board are entitled to absolute quasi-judicial immunity from a suit for damages, even though an inmate may challenge the denial of pardon or parole on equal protection grounds. Date: 1988-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: Leo Fuller, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles, et al.,defendants-appellees, 851 F.2d 1307 (11th Cir. 1988) :: Justia - [confirmed] Fuller v. Georgia State Board: Statistics on white rapists paroled more frequently The Eleventh Circuit in Fuller rejected the lifer's equal-protection claim because he failed to show he was similarly situated to white inmates who were paroled, even though his statistics showed white rapists were paroled more frequently than black rapists. Date: 1988-01-01 Tags: parole,legal,demographics Sources: Leo Fuller, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles, et al.,defendants-appellees, 851 F.2d 1307 (11th Cir. 1988) :: Justia - [confirmed] Parole Board Records Classified as Confidential State Secrets Under O.C.G.A. § 42-9-53 The Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles states on its Open Records Request page that many records in its possession are classified as confidential state secrets under O.C.G.A. section 42-9-53. Tags: parole,legal,policy Sources: Open Records Request | State Board of Pardons and Paroles - [confirmed] Fuller v. Georgia State Board: Majority affirmed, Johnson dissent on equal protection The Eleventh Circuit majority in Fuller affirmed the district court's summary judgment for the Parole Board on the lifer's equal protection challenge to his denial of parole, which Judge Johnson's dissent disputed only as to that claim. Date: 1988-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: Leo Fuller, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles, et al.,defendants-appellees, 851 F.2d 1307 (11th Cir. 1988) :: Justia - [confirmed] Howard v. Coonrod: Class certification and dismissed claims In Howard v. Coonrod, the district court dismissed the Sixth Amendment and equal-protection claims and certified a Rule 23(b)(2) class for the remaining Eighth Amendment and due-process claims. Date: 2025-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: Robert Earl Howard v. Melinda N. Coonrod – CourtListener.com - [confirmed] Howard v. Coonrod: No liberty interest for juvenile lifers In Howard v. Coonrod, the Eleventh Circuit held that the juvenile lifers do not have a constitutionally cognizable liberty interest under either state law or the Eighth Amendment, and the court affirmed the district court's grant of summary judgment. Date: 2025-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: Robert Earl Howard v. Melinda N. Coonrod – CourtListener.com - [confirmed] Howard v. Coonrod: Decision date and Florida parole challenge Howard v. Coonrod was decided by the Eleventh Circuit on April 15, 2025, an appeal from the Middle District of Florida challenging the way Florida's parole system applies to juvenile offenders. Date: 2025-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: Robert Earl Howard v. Melinda N. Coonrod – CourtListener.com - [confirmed] Day v. Bernard: Court of Appeals Reversed Trial Court and Remanded In Day v. Bernard, the Court of Appeals of Georgia reversed the trial court's ruling denying the filing of Day's complaint and remanded with direction. Date: 2020-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: DAY v. BERNARD (2020) | FindLaw - [confirmed] Garner v. Jones: Supreme Court Reversed Eleventh Circuit on Retroactive Parole Rule In Garner v. Jones, the Supreme Court reversed the Eleventh Circuit's holding (164 F.3d 589) that the amended Georgia parole-reconsideration rule's retroactive application was necessarily an ex post facto violation, and remanded. Date: 2000-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: GARNER v. JONES, 529 U.S. 244 (2000) | FindLaw - [confirmed] Jackson v. State Board: 1997 policy requiring 90 percent of term In Jackson v. State Board of Pardons and Paroles, the Board had amended its policy on December 9, 1997 to require that a prisoner convicted on or after January 1, 1998 of certain crimes, including aggravated assault, serve a minimum of ninety percent of his term before becoming eligible for a parole hearing, and the district court granted Jackson's motion for equitable judgment and permanently enjoined the Board from enforcing the new policy against him. Tags: parole,legal,policy Sources: Coleman Jackson v. State Board of Pardons and Paroles, Dept. of Offender Rehabilitation of the... – CourtListener.com - [confirmed] Garner v. Jones: Controlling Inquiry for Ex Post Facto Challenge to Parole Rule Change Garner v. Jones held that the controlling inquiry for an ex post facto challenge to a retroactive parole rule change is whether the change creates a sufficient risk of increasing the measure of punishment attached to the covered crimes. Date: 2000-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: GARNER v. JONES, 529 U.S. 244 (2000) | FindLaw - [confirmed] Jackson v. State Board: Injunction and ordered parole hearing In the Jackson litigation, the district court granted Jackson's motion for equitable judgment, permanently enjoined the board from enforcing the new parole policy against him, and ordered the board to provide him an initial parole hearing. Tags: parole,legal Sources: Coleman Jackson v. State Board of Pardons and Paroles, Dept. of Offender Rehabilitation of the... – CourtListener.com - [confirmed] Garner v. Jones Reported at 529 U.S. 244 (2000) Garner v. Jones is reported at 529 U.S. 244 (2000). Date: 2000-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: GARNER v. JONES, 529 U.S. 244 (2000) | FindLaw - [confirmed] Garner v. Jones: Georgia Law Requires Parole Consideration After Seven Years for Life Sentences In Garner v. Jones, Georgia law requires the State's Board of Pardons and Paroles to consider inmates serving life sentences for parole after seven years. Date: 2000-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: GARNER v. JONES, 529 U.S. 244 (2000) | FindLaw - [confirmed] Time-Served Rule: Denial Throughout Confinement Triggers Consideration at One-Third of Sentence A Board rule on Time-Served Requirements for Parole Consideration states that if, upon the initial application of the Parole Decision Guidelines System, it is recommended that an inmate be denied parole throughout his or her confinement, the inmate will be considered for parole at the expiration of one-third of the sentence or sentences. Tags: parole,legal Sources: GA R&R - GAC - Chapter 475-3 RULES - [confirmed] Non-Life Inmates Considered Under Parole Decision Guidelines After Investigation A Board rule on Time-Served Requirements for Parole Consideration states that an inmate serving a sentence other than life imprisonment, for which parole consideration is authorized by law, is considered under Parole Decision Guidelines, and after investigations are complete the Board applies the Parole Decision Guidelines to the particular circumstances of the inmate's case. Tags: parole,legal Sources: GA R&R - GAC - Chapter 475-3 RULES POLICYS (10) ---------------------------------------- - [confirmed] Board Policy: Life-Sentenced Denials May Be Set for Reconsideration Up to Eight Years The Board's Life Sentences page states it is the policy of the Board that all life-sentenced offenders denied parole may be set for reconsideration up to a maximum of eight years from the date of last denial when, in the Board's determination, it is not reasonable to expect that parole would be granted during the intervening years. Tags: parole,policy Sources: Life Sentences | State Board of Pardons and Paroles - [confirmed] July 2021: Attempted Serious Violent Felonies Raised to Crime Severity Level VIII As of July 2021, the Board increased the crime severity level for convictions of attempted aggravated child molestation, attempted armed robbery, attempted kidnapping, attempted aggravated sexual battery and attempted aggravated sodomy, from crime severity level VII to crime severity level VIII. Tags: parole,policy,legal Sources: Parole Decision Guidelines Rating System — Revalidation FY 2024 - [confirmed] January 2008 Parole Decision Guidelines Revision Preceded by Three-Year Study The Board's Parole Consideration, Eligibility & Guidelines page states that in January 2008 the Parole Board revised its Parole Decision Guidelines and changed the manner in which it evaluated offenders for cases considered on or after January 1, and that these amendments were preceded by a three-year study and analysis of risk factors. Tags: parole,policy,methodology Sources: Parole Decision Guidelines Rating System — Revalidation FY 2024 - [confirmed] Parole Decision Guidelines Begin with Crime Severity Level Identification The Board's Parole Consideration, Eligibility & Guidelines page states that the application of the Parole Decision Guidelines to the circumstances of the offender's case begins with a Board Hearing Examiner identifying the offender's Crime Severity Level from a table of offenses, and the higher the severity level of the offense, the more serious the Parole Board views the crime. Tags: parole,policy Sources: Parole Decision Guidelines Rating System — Revalidation FY 2024 - [confirmed] Non-Life Denied Parolees Reconsidered at Least Every Five Years The Board's FAQ page states inmates serving non-life sentences who are denied parole will be automatically reconsidered by the Board at least every five years after becoming eligible for parole, and inmates serving life sentences who are denied parole will, by policy, be reconsidered for parole at regular intervals not to exceed eight years. Tags: parole,policy Sources: Frequently Asked Questions | State Board of Pardons and Paroles - [confirmed] Board Members May Override Guidelines Recommendation on Non-Life Cases The Board's FAQ page states that on non-life cases, Board Members determine whether the Guidelines recommendation for parole denial or for a tentative parole month (TPM) is appropriate, or whether mitigating or aggravating factors should override the recommendation, and the Board Member can determine more or less of the prison sentence should be served prior to parole. Tags: parole,policy Sources: Frequently Asked Questions | State Board of Pardons and Paroles - [confirmed] Board States Four Purposes of Prison Sentencing The Board's archived 'About Parole Consideration' page states that persons are sentenced to prison for four purposes -- punishment, incapacitation, deterrence, and rehabilitation -- and that a parole board studies the need for and accomplishment of each of these purposes in each case being considered. Tags: parole,policy Sources: Parole Considerations & Guidelines | State Board of Pardons and Paroles - [confirmed] Board States Authority Allows Reduction of Sentence Disparity The Board's archived 'About Parole Consideration' page states the Board's unique central position and authority allows it to reduce sentence disparity, and that excessive harshness is more readily reduced, but excessive leniency in the form of a too-light confinement sentence may be corrected partially by parole denial. Tags: parole,policy Sources: Parole Considerations & Guidelines | State Board of Pardons and Paroles - [confirmed] Parole Guidelines Not Applied to Life-Sentence Offenders; Offense Severity May Preclude Release The Board's Parole Guidelines page states that Board members do not apply Parole Decision Guidelines to life-sentence offenders, whose suitability for parole is dictated by the nature of their crime, and that offense severity may preclude any eventual release despite stellar prison conduct, remarkable family support, or other factors. Tags: parole,policy Sources: Parole Guidelines (pap.state.ga.us) - [confirmed] Parole Decision Guidelines Used for Non-Life Cases Since 1979 The Board's Parole Guidelines page states that the Parole Board has reviewed non-life sentence cases under Parole Decision Guidelines, one of the country's first standardized methods of predicting success on parole, with a Board hearing examiner reviewing the inmate's file and extracting specific factors such as educational level and prior criminal history, since 1979. Date: 1979-01-01 Tags: parole,policy Sources: Parole Guidelines (pap.state.ga.us) FINDINGS (4) ---------------------------------------- - [reported] AJC opinion: Parole Board gives no reasons for decisions An AJC opinion column by Bill Torpy states, in a photo caption, that the State Board of Pardons and Paroles gives no reasons for its approval or denial of parole decisions. Tags: parole,policy,legal Sources: Opinion: Georgia's Board of Pardons and Paroles must act with transparency - [reported] Attorney Describes Parole Board Denial Letter Citing 'Nature of Your Offense' An attorney described receiving a Georgia parole board letter stating 'due to the nature of your offense you're being denied parole,' as quoted in the AJC's investigation of juvenile lifers. Tags: parole,legal Sources: The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, "Georgia leading nation in new juvenile lifers" - [reported] Filter Reports Parole Appeal Denials Often Delivered as Single Sentence Filter reported that Georgia parole board appeal denials are often delivered as a single sentence: 'Due to the nature of your offense...' Tags: parole,legal Sources: Filter, "'In the Dark': the Wait for Another Unexplained Parole Denial" - [reported] Family Member Describes Board Denial Language: 'You Haven't Served Enough Time' GPB News quoted a family member, Roxanne Thompson, describing the Georgia parole board's denial language as: the board says, 'Due to the nature of your crime, you haven't served enough time.' Tags: parole,legal Sources: GPB News, "For families, Georgia parole is a painful waiting game" (Sept. 23, 2022) STATISTICS (1) ---------------------------------------- - [reported] Filter: Few dozen lifers granted parole, thousands denied without reason Filter reported that Georgia's parole board grants mercy to only a few dozen parole-eligible lifers each year while a few thousand are left without any reason ever given to them. Tags: parole,legal,policy Sources: The Lifers Trapped in Georgia's Parole Crisis Are Watching Senate Bill 586 CASE DETAILS (9) ---------------------------------------- - [confirmed] Slakman appeal: District court docket and origin The Eleventh Circuit's appeal of Barry Slakman's suit arose from D.C. Docket No. 1:20-cv-04822-SCJ in the Northern District of Georgia. Date: 2021-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: USCA11 Case: 21-12226 Date Filed: 11/02/2021 Page: 1 of 8 - [confirmed] Slakman appeal: Complaint dismissed and affirmed In Slakman's appeal, the district court adopted the magistrate judge's Report and Recommendation and dismissed Slakman's complaint, and the Eleventh Circuit affirmed. Date: 2021-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: USCA11 Case: 21-12226 Date Filed: 11/02/2021 Page: 1 of 8 - [reported] Janice Buttrum Denied Parole Five Times Citing 'Not Enough Time Served' Courthouse News Service reported that the Georgia Board of Pardons and Paroles has denied Janice Buttrum parole five times, citing 'not enough time served' based on her homicide conviction as the sole reason each time. Tags: parole,legal Sources: Courthouse News Service, "Georgia parole board defends parole process for juvenile lifers" - [confirmed] Fuller v. Georgia State Board: Plaintiff and claims In Fuller v. Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles, the plaintiff was a Georgia inmate serving a life sentence for rape who brought a pro se civil rights action against the Parole Board, its members, and the Commissioner of the Georgia Department of Offender Rehabilitation alleging racial discrimination in Board policies, practices and racial balance. Date: 1988-01-01 Tags: parole,legal,demographics Sources: Leo Fuller, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles, et al.,defendants-appellees, 851 F.2d 1307 (11th Cir. 1988) :: Justia - [confirmed] Day v. Bernard: Board Denied Parole in 2012 Citing 'Severe Nature of the Offenses' In Day v. Bernard, Ga. Ct. App. No. A20A1019, the opinion states that in 2012 the Board denied Day parole on the ground that his release 'would not be compatible with the welfare of society... due to the severe nature of the offenses for which [he was] convicted,' and that the Board denied parole for the same reason in 2015. Tags: parole,legal Sources: DAY v. BERNARD (2020) | FindLaw - [confirmed] Day v. Bernard: Day Alleged Board Grossly Abused Discretion by Claiming Insufficient Time Served (30 Years) In Day v. Bernard, the opinion states that Day alleged the Board grossly abused its discretion 'by claiming that he had served an insufficient amount of time (30 years)'. Date: 2020-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: DAY v. BERNARD (2020) | FindLaw - [confirmed] Day v. Bernard: Roger Day Sentenced to Two Consecutive Life Sentences Plus 100 Years In Day v. Bernard, Roger Day was convicted of burglary, rape, and aggravated assault in 1990 and was sentenced to two consecutive life sentences, plus 100 years. Date: 1990-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: DAY v. BERNARD (2020) | FindLaw - [confirmed] Howard v. Coonrod: Parties In Howard v. Coonrod, the plaintiffs-appellants were Robert Earl Howard, Damon Peterson, Carl Tracy Brown, and Willie Watts, and the defendants-appellees were Melinda N. Coonrod, Richard D. Davison, and David A. Wyant. Date: 2025-01-01 Tags: parole,legal Sources: Robert Earl Howard v. Melinda N. Coonrod – CourtListener.com - [confirmed] Garner v. Jones: 1989 Denial Set Reconsideration Eight Years Later Under 1985 Amendment In Garner v. Jones, the Parole Board considered respondent for parole in 1989, seven years after his 1982 conviction, denied release, and consistent with the 1985 amendment to Rule 475-3-.05(2), set reconsideration for 1997, eight years later. Tags: parole,legal Sources: GARNER v. JONES, 529 U.S. 244 (2000) | FindLaw QUOTES (1) ---------------------------------------- - [reported] Incarcerated Person Quotes Parole Denial Letter: 'Due to the Nature of Your Offense' A person incarcerated in Georgia, interviewed by Filter, said his last parole denial letter stated 'due to the nature of your offense' as the reason. He stated: 'My last denial was about two years ago. They said "due to the nature of your offense..." But, y'know, I've already been sentenced according to the nature of my offense.' Tags: parole,legal Sources: Filter, "'In the Dark': the Wait for Another Unexplained Parole Denial" DATA GAPS (3) ---------------------------------------- - [confirmed] Data gap: No public record match for 'insufficient amount of time served' A search of CourtListener for the phrases 'insufficient amount of time served,' 'nature and circumstances of your offense,' 'totality of your case,' and 'time served to date given the nature' returned no matches, indicating these denial reasons are not documented in the public court record. Tags: parole,legal,data_gap Sources: Searched courtlistener.com: search at https://www.courtlistener.com/api/rest/v4/search/?q=%22insufficient%20amount%20of%20time%20served%22&type=r - [confirmed] Data gap: No public record match for Griffin v. Nix parole Georgia A search of CourtListener for 'Griffin v. Nix' parole Georgia returned 0 results, and searches for '2004-CV-92152' and 'Fulton Superior Court' also returned no match. Tags: parole,legal,data_gap Sources: Searched Search Results for Courts: All › Query: "Griffin v. Nix" parole Georgia › Published: True — 0 Results — CourtListener.com - [confirmed] Data Gap: Parole Board Records Classified as Confidential State Secrets Limits Public Accountability The Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles classifies many records as confidential state secrets under O.C.G.A. § 42-9-53, creating a significant data gap for researchers and the public seeking to understand parole denial patterns and the actual reasons cited for denials. Tags: parole,legal,policy Sources: Open Records Request | State Board of Pardons and Paroles KEY ENTITIES (18) ---------------------------------------- - Barry Slakman [person]: Georgia inmate whose equal-protection challenge to parole denial was dismissed and affirmed by the Eleventh Circuit in 2021. - Bill Torpy [person]: AJC opinion columnist who wrote about the Georgia Board of Pardons and Paroles' lack of transparency. - Board Rule 475-3-.05 [legislation]: Georgia Board of Pardons and Paroles rule governing parole consideration, including eight-year reconsideration interval for life-sentenced inmates and crime severity level assignments. (aka: 475-3-.05 Parole Consideration, Rule 475-3-.05(2)) - Day v. Bernard [case]: No. A20A1019 (Ga. Ct. App. Sept. 4, 2020). Reversed a trial court's refusal to let a lifer file a complaint alleging gross abuse of discretion by the Board, and directed the clerk to file it. - Fuller v. Georgia State Board of Pardons & Paroles [case]: Eleventh Circuit decision (1988) rejecting a Georgia lifer's racial equal-protection challenge to parole denial and holding Board members entitled to absolute quasi-judicial immunity. (aka: 851 F.2d 1307) - Garner v. Jones [case]: 529 U.S. 244 (2000). Applied the ex post facto test from California Department of Corrections v. Morales (1995) to the Georgia Board's lengthened lifer reconsideration interval; reversed an Eleventh Circuit ruling for the prisoner and remanded. - Georgia Board of Pardons and Paroles [organization]: Georgia's parole authority, operates reentry services including Reentry Partnership Housing (RPH) - Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles [organization]: Georgia state agency responsible for parole decisions - Howard v. Coonrod [case]: 134 F.4th 1136 (11th Cir. 2025). Ruling under which Buttrum's due-process claim was dismissed. - Jackson v. State Board of Pardons and Paroles [case]: 2002 federal district court case in which the retroactive application of Georgia's 1998 '90% policy' for violent felons was ruled unconstitutional. - Janice Buttrum [person]: Individual denied parole five times by the Georgia Board of Pardons and Paroles, cited as 'not enough time served' based on her homicide conviction. - O.C.G.A. § 42-9-53 [legislation]: Georgia statute making Board records 'confidential state secrets until declassified by the board.' - Parole Decision Guidelines [program]: A risk-assessment tool used since 1979 for reviewing non-life sentence cases. Uses a grid linking risk factor scores with crime-severity levels from one to seven. - Roger Day [person]: Petitioner in Day v. Bernard. Convicted in 1990 of burglary, rape, and aggravated assault; sentenced to two consecutive life sentences plus 100 years. Alleged Board grossly abused discretion by claiming insufficient time served (30 years). - Roxanne Thompson [person]: Family member quoted by GPB News describing Georgia parole board denial language. - Rule 475-3-.05(2) [legislation]: Georgia Board of Pardons and Paroles rule governing parole reconsideration intervals, originally three years and later extended to at least every eight years. - Senate Bill 586 [legislation]: Georgia Senate bill related to parole, referenced in Filter reporting on Georgia's parole crisis. (aka: SB 586) - Sultenfuss v. Snow [case]: 35 F.3d 1494 (11th Cir. 1994) (en banc). Held Georgia parole system creates no liberty interest protected by due process. SOURCES (25) ---------------------------------------- - 475-3-.05 Parole Consideration., Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles [legal_document, primary] URL: https://pap.georgia.gov/document/document/link/download - 851 F.2d 1307 - Fuller v. Georgia State Board of Pardons & Paroles — 851 F.2d 1307 | OpenJurist, OpenJurist (1988-01-01) [legal_document, primary] URL: https://openjurist.org/851/f2d/1307/fuller-v-georgia-state-board-of-pardons-and-paroles - Coleman Jackson v. State Board of Pardons and Paroles, Dept. of Offender Rehabilitation of the... – CourtListener.com, CourtListener [legal_document, primary] URL: https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/76183/coleman-jackson-v-state-board-of-pardons-and-paroles-dept-of-offender/ - Courthouse News Service, "Georgia parole board defends parole process for juvenile lifers", Courthouse News Service [journalism, secondary] URL: https://www.courthousenews.com/georgia-parole-board-defends-parole-process-for-juvenile-lifers/ - DAY v. BERNARD (2020) | FindLaw, FindLaw (2020-01-01) [legal_document, primary] URL: https://caselaw.findlaw.com/court/ga-court-of-appeals/2084507.html - Filter, "'In the Dark': the Wait for Another Unexplained Parole Denial", Filter [journalism, secondary] URL: https://filtermag.org/parole-board-denial-unaccountable/ - Frequently Asked Questions | State Board of Pardons and Paroles, Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles [official_report, primary] URL: https://pap.georgia.gov/parole-consideration/frequently-asked-questions - GA R&R - GAC - Chapter 475-3 RULES, Georgia Secretary of State [legal_document, primary] URL: https://rules.sos.ga.gov/gac/475-3 - Garner v. Jones | 529 U.S. 244 (2000) | Justia U.S. Supreme Court Center, Justia (2000-01-01) [legal_document, primary] URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20250914022656id_/https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/529/244/ - GARNER v. JONES, 529 U.S. 244 (2000) | FindLaw, FindLaw (2000-01-01) [legal_document, primary] URL: https://caselaw.findlaw.com/court/us-supreme-court/529/244.html - GPB News, "For families, Georgia parole is a painful waiting game" (Sept. 23, 2022), GPB News (2022-01-01) [journalism, secondary] URL: https://www.gpb.org/news/2022/09/23/for-families-georgia-parole-painful-waiting-game - Leo Fuller, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles, et al.,defendants-appellees, 851 F.2d 1307 (11th Cir. 1988) :: Justia, Justia (1988-01-01) [legal_document, primary] URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20191120180637id_/https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/851/1307/320638/ - Life Sentences | State Board of Pardons and Paroles, Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles [official_report, primary] URL: https://pap.georgia.gov/parole-consideration/parole-process-georgia/life-sentences - Open Records Request | State Board of Pardons and Paroles, Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles [official_report, primary] URL: https://pap.georgia.gov/open-records-request - Opinion: Georgia's Board of Pardons and Paroles must act with transparency, Atlanta Journal-Constitution by Bill Torpy (2025-01-01) [journalism, secondary] URL: https://www.ajc.com/opinion/2025/06/how-dare-we-ask-for-transparency-from-georgias-parole-board-well-pardon-me/ - Parole Considerations & Guidelines | State Board of Pardons and Paroles, Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles [official_report, primary] URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20250812095756id_/https://pap.georgia.gov/parole-consideration - Parole Decision Guidelines Rating System — Revalidation FY 2024, Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles (2024-01-01) [official_report, primary] URL: https://pap.georgia.gov/parole-consideration/parole-consideration-eligibility-guidelines - Parole Guidelines (pap.state.ga.us), Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles (2001-01-01) [official_report, primary] URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20030220072450id_/http://www.pap.state.ga.us:80/2001%20Annual%20Report%20Web/parole_guidelines.htm - Robert Earl Howard v. Melinda N. Coonrod – CourtListener.com, CourtListener (2025-01-01) [legal_document, primary] URL: https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/10378963/robert-earl-howard-v-melinda-n-coonrod/ - Searched courtlistener.com: search at https://www.courtlistener.com/api/rest/v4/search/?q=%22insufficient%20amount%20of%20time%20served%22&type=r, CourtListener (2026-01-01) [data_portal, primary] URL: https://www.courtlistener.com/api/rest/v4/search/?q=%22insufficient%20amount%20of%20time%20served%22&type=r - Searched Search Results for Courts: All › Query: "Griffin v. Nix" parole Georgia › Published: True — 0 Results — CourtListener.com, CourtListener (2026-01-01) [data_portal, primary] URL: https://www.courtlistener.com/?q=%22Griffin%20v.%20Nix%22%20parole%20Georgia&type=o - Stephen Sultenfuss, Charles McMulling v. Wayne Snow, Jr., James T. Morris, Mobley Howell, Michael... – CourtListener.com, CourtListener (1994-01-01) [legal_document, primary] URL: https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/678573/stephen-sultenfuss-charles-mcmulling-v-wayne-snow-jr-james-t-morris/ - The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, "Georgia leading nation in new juvenile lifers", The Atlanta Journal-Constitution [journalism, secondary] URL: https://www.ajc.com/sp/news/investigations/juvenile-lifers/ - The Lifers Trapped in Georgia's Parole Crisis Are Watching Senate Bill 586, Filter (2025-01-01) [journalism, secondary] URL: https://filtermag.org/georgia-parole-denial-senate-bill-586/ - USCA11 Case: 21-12226 Date Filed: 11/02/2021 Page: 1 of 8, Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals (2021-01-01) [legal_document, primary] URL: https://media.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/unpub/files/202112226.pdf