{"meta":{"caveat":"Each value is the number its source printed, with that source's own label, page and the exact quote. Different publishers (GDC, BJS, the Parole Board, DOJ, the AJC, UCLA, GPS) measure different things, so their figures for the same year are kept side by side and never merged or averaged. Definitions change inside some series (marked as breaks): never read one trend line across a break. Gaps are gaps; nothing is estimated. Multi-year totals are never split into years.","dataset":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/","publisher":"Georgia Prisoners' Speak (gps.press)","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"data":[{"slug":"deaths-gdc-annual-reports","name":"Deaths in custody, GDC annual reports","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC \/ Board of Corrections annual reports, movement-of-population and departures tables","definition":"Deaths of people in state custody during the fiscal year, as the annual report printed them, excluding executions.","caveats":"The label changes: 'Deaths (Except Executions)' through FY1971, 'Normal Death' FY1972-FY1981 (the only non-execution death line in those tables, but the label leaves open whether killings were counted), 'Died in Prison' from FY1982. Not one continuous measure.","live":false,"first_year":1952,"last_year":1994,"values":37,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#deaths-gdc-annual-reports","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/deaths-gdc-annual-reports"},{"slug":"deaths-gdc-publications","name":"Deaths in prison, GDC publications 1989-1996","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC statistical publications (in-prison deaths; HIV-related deaths)","definition":"Deaths in prison by year as GDC's publications reported them, with HIV-related deaths where given.","caveats":"GDC mixes fiscal and calendar years across publications; HIV-related is GDC's label and is not the same as BJS's AIDS column.","live":false,"first_year":1989,"last_year":1995,"values":8,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#deaths-gdc-publications","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/deaths-gdc-publications"},{"slug":"deaths-gdc-opb-budget-reports","name":"Prison related deaths, GDC results reported in the Governor's Budget Report","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Office of Planning and Budget","instrument":"Governor's Budget Report, Department of Corrections Results-Based Budgeting, Desired Result 1b 'Prison related deaths per 100,000 inmates' (Actual deaths \/ Mortality rate)","definition":"Actual prison related deaths for the fiscal year as GDC reported them to OPB in the budget report. The report does not define 'prison related' or say whether executions or county\/private prisons are included.","caveats":"Reported result, not a mortality-registry count; never merged with the BJS calendar-year or GDC annual-report series. FY2000 conflicts across reports (FY2002 report prints a rate of 91 for FY2000 actual, later reports 96 deaths \/ 240): later report used, earlier noted.","live":false,"first_year":1998,"last_year":2002,"values":5,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#deaths-gdc-opb-budget-reports","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/deaths-gdc-opb-budget-reports"},{"slug":"deaths-bjs-sentenced-by-cause","name":"Deaths among sentenced prisoners by cause, BJS Table 5.17","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","instrument":"Correctional Populations in the United States (annual), Table 5.17: deaths among sentenced prisoners under State or Federal jurisdiction, by sex and cause of death","definition":"Deaths during the year among Georgia prisoners sentenced to more than a year, by cause and sex.","caveats":"Sentenced prisoners only, so narrower than all deaths in custody. The AIDS column first appears in the 1991 edition. Male\/female are separate rows where the table splits them.","live":false,"first_year":1985,"last_year":1998,"values":154,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#deaths-bjs-sentenced-by-cause","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/deaths-bjs-sentenced-by-cause"},{"slug":"deaths-bjs-aids-bulletins","name":"Deaths and AIDS-related deaths, BJS HIV in Prisons bulletins","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","instrument":"BJS HIV in Prisons bulletins","definition":"Deaths from all causes and AIDS-related deaths among prisoners, as the bulletin's Georgia row gives them.","caveats":"Table scope differs by edition (sentenced prisoners under State jurisdiction vs State and Federal prisoners).","live":false,"first_year":1995,"last_year":2000,"values":8,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#deaths-bjs-aids-bulletins","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/deaths-bjs-aids-bulletins"},{"slug":"deaths-bjs-census-calendar-year","name":"Inmate deaths by cause, 1979 BJS census of state adult correctional facilities (Georgia facility totals, calendar year 1978)","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","instrument":"BJS Census of State Adult Correctional Facilities, 1979, facility-level microdata (ICPSR 7852), Q.21. GPS sums over the Georgia facilities.","definition":"Inmates who died during calendar year 1978 in Georgia's facilities, by cause and sex, as the facilities reported them to the November 1979 census.","caveats":"Facility self-reports from 25 Georgia facilities, asked in 1979 about calendar 1978. The total (10) is well below GDC's own annual-report death counts for nearby years (FY1979 'Normal Death' 48), so it is very likely not a complete count of deaths in custody; do not use it as one. Calendar-year period, so kept apart from the fiscal-year census deaths series. Derived totals only (ICPSR terms).","live":false,"first_year":1978,"last_year":1978,"values":8,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#deaths-bjs-census-calendar-year","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/deaths-bjs-census-calendar-year"},{"slug":"deaths-bjs-state-prisons","name":"Deaths in state prison, BJS Deaths in Custody \/ Mortality in State and Federal Prisons","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","instrument":"BJS Mortality in State and Federal Prisons statistical tables and Mortality in Local Jails and State Prisons (Deaths in Custody Reporting Program, from 2001)","definition":"Deaths of state prisoners in Georgia by year, by jurisdiction.","caveats":"Different BJS editions print different numbers for some years; each edition is kept as its own source row.","live":false,"first_year":2001,"last_year":2019,"values":43,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#deaths-bjs-state-prisons","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/deaths-bjs-state-prisons"},{"slug":"mortality-rate-bjs","name":"Mortality rate per 100,000 prisoners, BJS","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"per_100k","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","instrument":"BJS Mortality in State and Federal Prisons statistical tables","definition":"Deaths per 100,000 state prisoners in Georgia.","caveats":"Rates differ between BJS editions for 2011-2014; each edition is kept as its own source row.","live":false,"first_year":1995,"last_year":2014,"values":41,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#mortality-rate-bjs","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/mortality-rate-bjs"},{"slug":"mortality-rate-bjs-multi-year","name":"Average mortality rate per 100,000 by cause over multi-year periods, BJS","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"per_100k","period_type":"multi_year","publisher":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","instrument":"BJS mortality statistical tables and special reports","definition":"Georgia's average annual mortality rate per 100,000 prisoners by cause, over a multi-year period stated in the table title.","caveats":"An average over the stated period; never read it as any single year's rate.","live":false,"first_year":2001,"last_year":2001,"values":23,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#mortality-rate-bjs-multi-year","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/mortality-rate-bjs-multi-year"},{"slug":"deaths-bjs-multi-year","name":"Deaths by cause over multi-year periods, BJS","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"multi_year","publisher":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","instrument":"BJS special reports (suicide and homicide; illness; mortality statistical tables)","definition":"Georgia deaths by cause summed over a multi-year period stated by the source.","caveats":"A multi-year total. Never divide it into single years.","live":false,"first_year":2001,"last_year":2001,"values":43,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#deaths-bjs-multi-year","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/deaths-bjs-multi-year"},{"slug":"mortality-rate-gdc-opb-budget-reports","name":"Prison related deaths per 100,000 inmates, GDC results in the Governor's Budget Report","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"per_100k","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Office of Planning and Budget","instrument":"Governor's Budget Report, Department of Corrections (Results-Based Budgeting 1b; Performance Measures FY2005 'Inmate mortality rate')","definition":"GDC's reported prison related death rate per 100,000 inmates for the fiscal year.","caveats":"Denominator not stated by the report. FY2003 comes from the FY2005 report's performance-measure table (column not labelled actual).","live":false,"first_year":1998,"last_year":2003,"values":6,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#mortality-rate-gdc-opb-budget-reports","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/mortality-rate-gdc-opb-budget-reports"},{"slug":"deaths-state-audit","name":"Death records, state performance audit","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"multi_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Audits and Accounts","instrument":"DOAA performance audit of GDC health services","definition":"Deaths found in GDC Office of Health Services records by state auditors, excluding executions.","caveats":"A multi-year total.","live":false,"first_year":2005,"last_year":2005,"values":1,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#deaths-state-audit","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/deaths-state-audit"},{"slug":"deaths-bjs-facility-census","name":"Deaths reported in the BJS census of state correctional facilities","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","instrument":"Census of State (and Federal) Adult Correctional Facilities, 1984, 1990, 1995","definition":"Deaths of inmates in Georgia's correctional facilities during the 12 months ending June 30 of the census year, by cause, as reported in the facility census.","caveats":"Facility-reported and scoped to the facilities in the census; not comparable with GDC's or BJS's other death counts (the 1984 census gives 9 deaths in confinement facilities, far below GDC's own count).","live":false,"first_year":1984,"last_year":2000,"values":20,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#deaths-bjs-facility-census","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/deaths-bjs-facility-census"},{"slug":"deaths-ajc-gdc-data","name":"Deaths in GDC custody, AJC chart of GDC data","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Atlanta Journal-Constitution","instrument":"AJC chart of GDC prisoner deaths","definition":"Deaths of people in GDC custody by year as the AJC charted them from GDC data.","caveats":"Differs from BJS in every year 2015-2019; the sources do not explain the difference.","live":false,"first_year":2015,"last_year":2024,"values":11,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#deaths-ajc-gdc-data","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/deaths-ajc-gdc-data"},{"slug":"deaths-ucla-law-behind-bars","name":"Deaths in GDC custody by cause, UCLA Law Behind Bars (from GDC records)","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"UCLA Law Behind Bars Data Project","instrument":"custodial_mortality_project, GA-Individual.csv (GDC records obtained by UCLA)","definition":"Individual death records from GDC, counted by year and by GDC's general circumstance of death.","caveats":"Counted by GPS from UCLA's individual-level file, retrieved 2026-08-03.","live":false,"first_year":2015,"last_year":2020,"values":40,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#deaths-ucla-law-behind-bars","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/deaths-ucla-law-behind-bars"},{"slug":"deaths-gps-registry","name":"Deaths in GDC custody, GPS mortality registry","topic":"deaths","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Georgia Prisoners' Speak","instrument":"GPS mortality registry (GDC monthly mortality reports, coroner and medical examiner records, GPS investigation)","definition":"Deaths of people in GDC custody recorded in GPS's registry, by year of death and GPS's cause classification.","caveats":"Live: recomputed from the registry on every request. Many recent deaths still have no known cause, so cause counts are minimums ('at least'). Never merged with BJS or GDC counts.","live":true,"first_year":2020,"last_year":2026,"values":61,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#deaths-gps-registry","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/deaths-gps-registry"},{"slug":"homicides-gdc-annual-report","name":"Homicides, GDC's own annual report","topic":"homicides","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC annual report, Mortality dashboard","definition":"Homicides of incarcerated people in the fiscal year, as GDC's own annual report printed them.","caveats":"GDC's fiscal-year count; the AJC reports similar figures by calendar year, citing GDC.","live":false,"first_year":2017,"last_year":2018,"values":2,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#homicides-gdc-annual-report","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/homicides-gdc-annual-report"},{"slug":"homicides-gdc-via-doj","name":"Homicides, GDC mortality reports as cited by DOJ","topic":"homicides","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"U.S. Department of Justice","instrument":"DOJ Civil Rights Division findings on Georgia prisons (2024), citing GDC mortality reports","definition":"Systemwide homicides of incarcerated people by year, from GDC mortality reports as DOJ reported them.","caveats":"DOJ also states homicides never exceeded nine a year from 2011 through 2018 (stored as an event note, not a yearly value).","live":false,"first_year":2018,"last_year":2023,"values":6,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#homicides-gdc-via-doj","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/homicides-gdc-via-doj"},{"slug":"homicides-ajc","name":"Homicides, AJC reporting","topic":"homicides","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Atlanta Journal-Constitution","instrument":"AJC reporting (citing GDC, or its own victim counts)","definition":"Homicides in Georgia prisons by year as the AJC reported them.","caveats":"Some AJC counts cite GDC and some are the AJC's own tallies; the source note says which.","live":false,"first_year":2017,"last_year":2024,"values":11,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#homicides-ajc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/homicides-ajc"},{"slug":"homicides-multi-year","name":"Homicides over multi-year periods (DOJ, AJC, Senate study committee)","topic":"homicides","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"multi_year","publisher":"Various (named on each value)","instrument":"DOJ 2024 findings; AJC reporting; 2024 Senate study committee final report","definition":"Homicides in Georgia prisons summed over a stated multi-year or part-year period. Each value names its source.","caveats":"Multi-year totals from different publishers; never divide into single years and never read two sources as one series.","live":false,"first_year":2010,"last_year":2025,"values":7,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#homicides-multi-year","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/homicides-multi-year"},{"slug":"homicide-rate-doj","name":"Homicide rate per 100,000, DOJ","topic":"homicides","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"per_100k","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"U.S. Department of Justice","instrument":"DOJ findings on Georgia prisons (2024)","definition":"State-prison homicide rate in Georgia per 100,000 prisoners.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":2019,"last_year":2019,"values":2,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#homicide-rate-doj","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/homicide-rate-doj"},{"slug":"suicides-gdc-annual-report","name":"Suicides, GDC's own annual report","topic":"suicides","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC annual report, Mortality dashboard","definition":"Suicides of incarcerated people in the fiscal year, as GDC's own annual report printed them.","caveats":"GDC's fiscal-year count; the AJC counts suicides by calendar year.","live":false,"first_year":2017,"last_year":2018,"values":2,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#suicides-gdc-annual-report","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/suicides-gdc-annual-report"},{"slug":"suicides-ajc","name":"Suicides, AJC investigation","topic":"suicides","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Atlanta Journal-Constitution","instrument":"AJC investigation of Georgia prison suicides","definition":"Suicides in Georgia prisons by year as counted by the AJC.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":2018,"last_year":2020,"values":3,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#suicides-ajc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/suicides-ajc"},{"slug":"assaults-inmate-initiated-gdc-opb","name":"Inmate-initiated assaults (on inmates and on staff combined), GDC results in the Governor's Budget Report","topic":"violence","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Office of Planning and Budget","instrument":"Governor's Budget Report, Department of Corrections Results-Based Budgeting, Desired Result 1a","definition":"Actual number of inmate-initiated assaults in the fiscal year; the report's note says the measure includes inmate on inmate assaults and inmate on staff assaults.","caveats":"Combined measure; cannot be split. Not the same as GDC's own annual-report dashboard series (inmate-on-inmate and inmate-on-staff separately, FY2017-18) and never one line with it. The FY2002 report printed a different-scale FY2000 rate (0.059 per inmate) for a similarly named target; not ingested.","live":false,"first_year":1998,"last_year":2002,"values":5,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#assaults-inmate-initiated-gdc-opb","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/assaults-inmate-initiated-gdc-opb"},{"slug":"assaults-inmate-on-inmate-gdc","name":"Inmate-on-inmate assaults, GDC annual reports","topic":"violence","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC annual reports","definition":"Inmate-on-inmate assaults reported by GDC for the fiscal year.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":2017,"last_year":2018,"values":2,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#assaults-inmate-on-inmate-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/assaults-inmate-on-inmate-gdc"},{"slug":"assault-rate-inmate-initiated-gdc-opb","name":"Inmate-initiated assault rate per inmate, GDC results in the Governor's Budget Report","topic":"violence","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"per_inmate","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Office of Planning and Budget","instrument":"Governor's Budget Report, Department of Corrections Results-Based Budgeting, Desired Result 1a","definition":"Assaults per inmate as printed (rate \/ actual number pair).","caveats":"Per inmate, not per 1,000 or 100,000.","live":false,"first_year":1998,"last_year":2002,"values":5,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#assault-rate-inmate-initiated-gdc-opb","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/assault-rate-inmate-initiated-gdc-opb"},{"slug":"assaults-inmate-on-staff-gdc","name":"Inmate-on-staff assaults, GDC annual reports","topic":"violence","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC annual reports","definition":"Assaults by incarcerated people on staff reported by GDC for the fiscal year.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":2017,"last_year":2018,"values":2,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#assaults-inmate-on-staff-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/assaults-inmate-on-staff-gdc"},{"slug":"assaults-offender-on-offender-gdc-opb","name":"Offender-on-offender assaults by facility program, Governor's Budget Report FY2005","topic":"violence","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Office of Planning and Budget","instrument":"Governor's Budget Report FY2005, Department of Corrections Performance Measures","definition":"Number of offender-on-offender assaults in the fiscal year by GDC program (state prisons, private prisons, transitional centers, probation detention centers, probation boot camps).","caveats":"Offender-on-offender only. FY2004 and FY2005 columns are projections and are not ingested.","live":false,"first_year":2003,"last_year":2003,"values":5,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#assaults-offender-on-offender-gdc-opb","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/assaults-offender-on-offender-gdc-opb"},{"slug":"violent-incidents-doj","name":"Reported incidents of violence, DOJ review","topic":"violence","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"multi_year","publisher":"U.S. Department of Justice","instrument":"DOJ findings on Georgia prisons (2024)","definition":"Reported incidents of violence (fights, assaults, hostage incidents, homicides) at close-security and most medium-security prisons over the period DOJ reviewed.","caveats":"Covers only the prisons DOJ reviewed.","live":false,"first_year":2022,"last_year":2022,"values":1,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#violent-incidents-doj","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/violent-incidents-doj"},{"slug":"internal-affairs-investigations-gdc","name":"Internal Affairs investigations, GDC annual reports","topic":"violence","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC annual reports, Internal Affairs section","definition":"Investigations opened by GDC Internal Affairs in the fiscal year.","caveats":"NOT a count of violence: it mixes homicides, disturbances, assaults, sexual offenses, thefts, escapes and staff misconduct.","live":false,"first_year":1976,"last_year":2014,"values":12,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#internal-affairs-investigations-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/internal-affairs-investigations-gdc"},{"slug":"assaults-bjs-census-fy","name":"Inmate-inflicted assaults, BJS census of state adult correctional facilities (Georgia facility totals)","topic":"violence","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","instrument":"BJS Census of State (and Federal) Adult Correctional Facilities 1984, 1990, 1995 and 2000, facility-level microdata (ICPSR 8444, 9908, 6953, 4021). GPS sums each census year over the Georgia facilities.","definition":"Assaults by inmates on staff and on other inmates that Georgia's facilities reported to the census for the 12 months to June 30 of the census year (FY1995: the annual period ending between July 1, 1994 and June 30, 1995). Each value is the sum of the facility responses.","caveats":"Facility self-reports; the wording changed between censuses (1984 'recorded by prison officials'; 1990 'major incidents', excluding minor incidents and tickets; 1995 and 2000 'inmate-inflicted physical or sexual assaults'), so do not read one trend across the years. The FY1995 totals (2 on staff, 4 on inmates) are what Georgia's facilities reported and are far below every neighbouring census year and below GDC's own counts: treat them as not comparable. Never merged with GDC's own counts or the budget-report series. Derived totals only; the raw microdata is under ICPSR terms and is not published.","live":false,"first_year":1984,"last_year":2000,"values":8,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#assaults-bjs-census-fy","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/assaults-bjs-census-fy"},{"slug":"assaults-bjs-census-cy","name":"Inmate-inflicted assaults, BJS 2005 census of state and federal correctional facilities (Georgia facility totals)","topic":"violence","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","instrument":"BJS Census of State and Federal Adult Correctional Facilities, 2005, facility-level microdata (ICPSR 24642). GPS sums over the Georgia facilities.","definition":"Physical or sexual assaults by inmates on staff and on other inmates that Georgia's facilities reported for January 1 to December 30, 2005. Each value is the sum of the facility responses that gave a count.","caveats":"A lower bound: some facilities answered 'yes' without a count or did not answer. Calendar-year reference period, unlike the fiscal-year censuses, so kept as its own series. Never merged with GDC's own counts. Derived totals only (ICPSR terms).","live":false,"first_year":2005,"last_year":2005,"values":2,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#assaults-bjs-census-cy","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/assaults-bjs-census-cy"},{"slug":"use-of-force-reports-gdc","name":"Use-of-force reports reviewed, GDC","topic":"use_of_force","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC annual reports","definition":"Use-of-force reports reviewed in the fiscal year.","caveats":"Counts reports reviewed, not incidents.","live":false,"first_year":1994,"last_year":2014,"values":4,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#use-of-force-reports-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/use-of-force-reports-gdc"},{"slug":"weapons-confiscated-gdc","name":"Weapons confiscated, GDC","topic":"weapons","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC annual reports","definition":"Weapons confiscated in the fiscal year as GDC reported them.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":2016,"last_year":2017,"values":2,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#weapons-confiscated-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/weapons-confiscated-gdc"},{"slug":"paroled-gdc-departures","name":"Parole departures from prison, GDC annual reports","topic":"parole","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC annual reports, departures \/ releases tables","definition":"People who left prison on parole in the fiscal year, with all departures or releases where printed.","caveats":"The table changes from departures (to FY1989) to releases (from FY1990). FY1990-1991 carry a separate Governor's emergency release row.","live":false,"first_year":1970,"last_year":1992,"values":20,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#paroled-gdc-departures","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/paroled-gdc-departures"},{"slug":"paroles-granted-board-of-corrections","name":"Paroles granted, Board of Corrections reports","topic":"parole","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Board of Corrections","instrument":"Board of Corrections annual reports","definition":"Paroles granted in the fiscal year.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":1971,"last_year":1972,"values":2,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#paroles-granted-board-of-corrections","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/paroles-granted-board-of-corrections"},{"slug":"parole-releases-bopp","name":"Parole releases and life-case decisions, Parole Board annual reports","topic":"parole","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"State Board of Pardons and Paroles","instrument":"State Board of Pardons and Paroles annual reports","definition":"Release actions in the fiscal year: releases on parole, total releases, and life-sentence cases denied and granted.","caveats":"Wording changes in later reports ('released from prison', 'released on parole', 'Total Prison Releases by Parole'); each is its own category.","live":false,"first_year":1989,"last_year":2025,"values":76,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#parole-releases-bopp","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/parole-releases-bopp"},{"slug":"ninety-percent-policy-cases","name":"Cases decided under the Parole Board's 90% policy","topic":"parole","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"multi_year","publisher":"State Board of Pardons and Paroles","instrument":"State Board of Pardons and Paroles annual reports","definition":"Cases the Board processed under its 1998 90% policy over the stated period, and how many received less than a 90% decision.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":1998,"last_year":1998,"values":6,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#ninety-percent-policy-cases","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/ninety-percent-policy-cases"},{"slug":"parole-share-measures-bopp","name":"Parole grant shares and 90% policy cases, Parole Board","topic":"parole","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"mixed","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"State Board of Pardons and Paroles","instrument":"State Board of Pardons and Paroles annual reports and publications","definition":"Parole grant shares and cases processed under the 90% policy, as the Board stated them.","caveats":"Each category has its own unit and scope; read the label.","live":false,"first_year":1984,"last_year":2004,"values":3,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#parole-share-measures-bopp","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/parole-share-measures-bopp"},{"slug":"releases-by-board-action-gdc","name":"Share of releases by Parole Board action, GDC","topic":"parole","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"percent","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC publications","definition":"Percentage of people who left prison in the year who were released by some type of Parole Board action.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":1995,"last_year":1995,"values":1,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#releases-by-board-action-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/releases-by-board-action-gdc"},{"slug":"los-released-gdc","name":"People released, GDC length-of-stay data (all crimes)","topic":"time_served","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC length-of-stay data, calendar years, 'All Crimes'","definition":"People released from prison in the calendar year.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":1993,"last_year":2025,"values":34,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#los-released-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/los-released-gdc"},{"slug":"los-pct-sentence-served-gdc","name":"Share of sentence served, GDC length-of-stay data","topic":"time_served","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"percent","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC length-of-stay data, calendar years, 'All Crimes'","definition":"Average percentage of the sentence served by people released in the year.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":1992,"last_year":2025,"values":35,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#los-pct-sentence-served-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/los-pct-sentence-served-gdc"},{"slug":"los-pct-released-on-parole-gdc","name":"Share released on parole, GDC length-of-stay data","topic":"time_served","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"percent","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC length-of-stay data, calendar years, 'All Crimes'","definition":"Percentage of people released in the year who were released on parole.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":1992,"last_year":2025,"values":34,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#los-pct-released-on-parole-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/los-pct-released-on-parole-gdc"},{"slug":"los-lifers-released-gdc","name":"People serving life released, GDC length-of-stay data","topic":"lifers","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC length-of-stay data, calendar years","definition":"People serving life sentences released in the year.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":1992,"last_year":2025,"values":34,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#los-lifers-released-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/los-lifers-released-gdc"},{"slug":"los-lifers-years-served-gdc","name":"Average years served by people serving life at release, GDC","topic":"lifers","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"years","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC length-of-stay data, calendar years","definition":"Average years served by people serving life who were released in the year.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":1992,"last_year":2025,"values":34,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#los-lifers-years-served-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/los-lifers-years-served-gdc"},{"slug":"lifer-time-served-bopp","name":"Time served before release by people serving life for serious violent felonies, Parole Board","topic":"lifers","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"years","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"State Board of Pardons and Paroles","instrument":"State Board of Pardons and Paroles annual report","definition":"Average time served before release by people serving life for serious violent felonies, as the Board stated it.","caveats":"Several values are approximate as printed ('less than nine', 'more than 15', 'nearly 20'); the qualifier column carries that.","live":false,"first_year":2024,"last_year":2024,"values":1,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#lifer-time-served-bopp","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/lifer-time-served-bopp"},{"slug":"lifer-time-served-bopp-statements","name":"Time served before release on a life sentence, Parole Board statements by year","topic":"lifers","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"years","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"State Board of Pardons and Paroles","instrument":"State Board of Pardons and Paroles annual report (FY2024)","definition":"The Board's own statements of the average time people serving life for a serious violent felony served before release, in given years.","caveats":"Approximate as printed ('less than', 'more than', 'nearly'); the qualifier travels with each value.","live":false,"first_year":1973,"last_year":2010,"values":3,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#lifer-time-served-bopp-statements","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/lifer-time-served-bopp-statements"},{"slug":"lifer-population","name":"People serving life (and life without parole or death)","topic":"lifers","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC reports and Parole Board charts sourced to GDC","definition":"People in custody serving life, life without parole or death sentences.","caveats":"Scope varies by source: life only, or life + LWOP + death; the category says which.","live":false,"first_year":1993,"last_year":2024,"values":19,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#lifer-population","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/lifer-population"},{"slug":"population-yearend-gdc-series","name":"Year-end prison population, GDC historical series","topic":"population","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC year-end population series (research publication)","definition":"State prisoners at year end, including those in county and private prisons, excluding county jails.","caveats":"The measure changes twice: National Corrections Reporting Program figures to 1979, December average daily population 1980-1999, December 31 head counts from 2000.","live":false,"first_year":1925,"last_year":2024,"values":61,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#population-yearend-gdc-series","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/population-yearend-gdc-series"},{"slug":"population-bjs-jurisdiction","name":"Prisoners under jurisdiction at year end, BJS","topic":"population","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","instrument":"BJS National Prisoner Statistics (Prisoners in 19xx\/20xx; Prisoners in State and Federal Institutions)","definition":"Georgia prisoners under state jurisdiction at year end.","caveats":"Scope varies by edition: all prisoners, sentenced to more than a year, or in state institutions only; the category says which.","live":false,"first_year":1950,"last_year":2023,"values":43,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#population-bjs-jurisdiction","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/population-bjs-jurisdiction"},{"slug":"population-bjs-custody","name":"Prisoners in custody, BJS","topic":"population","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","instrument":"BJS Prisoners series, custody tables","definition":"Georgia prisoners in state custody on December 31.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":2020,"last_year":2023,"values":2,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#population-bjs-custody","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/population-bjs-custody"},{"slug":"population-bjs-facility-census","name":"Inmates under Georgia authority, BJS facility census","topic":"population","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"date","publisher":"Bureau of Justice Statistics","instrument":"Census of State and Federal Adult Correctional Facilities","definition":"Inmates under Georgia authority on the census date.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":2000,"last_year":2005,"values":2,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#population-bjs-facility-census","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/population-bjs-facility-census"},{"slug":"population-annual-report-gdc","name":"Population at end of fiscal year, GDC annual reports","topic":"population","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC \/ Board of Corrections annual reports","definition":"Prison population at the close of the fiscal year, as each annual report printed it.","caveats":"Definitions move across reports (felony prisoners only vs all prisoners, custody vs jurisdiction); the label as printed travels with every value. Felony-prisoner counts from the movement summary (FY1953-57, FY1959, FY1968) are kept as their own category, apart from the total prison population the reports gave in other years: the FY1958 report puts the population at June 30, 1957 at 8,396, against 6,174 felony prisoners. Not one continuous measure.","live":false,"first_year":1953,"last_year":2003,"values":40,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#population-annual-report-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/population-annual-report-gdc"},{"slug":"avg-daily-population-gdc","name":"Average daily population, GDC","topic":"population","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC \/ Board of Corrections annual reports and publications","definition":"Average daily prison population, as GDC printed it.","caveats":"Scope varies (state institutions only vs all units); the label as printed says which.","live":false,"first_year":1946,"last_year":1994,"values":41,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#avg-daily-population-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/avg-daily-population-gdc"},{"slug":"capacity-gdc","name":"Prison capacity, GDC","topic":"capacity","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC annual reports and publications","definition":"Capacity of GDC prisons as GDC printed it.","caveats":"GDC's capacity definitions vary (design vs operational); the label as printed says which.","live":false,"first_year":1982,"last_year":1999,"values":7,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#capacity-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/capacity-gdc"},{"slug":"average-counts-summary-gdc","name":"Average daily population and capacity, GDC Average Counts Summary","topic":"population","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"calendar_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC Average Counts - Summary","definition":"Average daily population on hand in state prisons for the calendar year, and the capacity GDC reports against it.","caveats":"State prisons only; GDC's capacity figure as printed.","live":false,"first_year":2024,"last_year":2024,"values":2,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#average-counts-summary-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/average-counts-summary-gdc"},{"slug":"budget-gdc","name":"Total expenditures, GDC annual reports","topic":"budget","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"usd","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC \/ Board of Corrections annual reports","definition":"Total disbursements or expenditures in the fiscal year, as printed.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":1945,"last_year":2003,"values":44,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#budget-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/budget-gdc"},{"slug":"escapes-gdc","name":"Escapes, GDC annual reports","topic":"escapes","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC \/ Board of Corrections annual reports","definition":"Escapes in the fiscal year, as printed.","caveats":"Before FY1959 the reports did not print one system-wide total. Values from those years are kept by the scope the report printed: Georgia State Prison only; county work camps, prison branches, Colony Farm No. 1 and the Industrial Institute (excluding Georgia State Prison); or the felony-prisoner movement summary. Only 'total' values form the system line. FY1978 (76) comes from the same 'Departures from prison' table that printed 460 for FY1977; the report gives no explanation.","live":false,"first_year":1946,"last_year":1992,"values":37,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#escapes-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/escapes-gdc"},{"slug":"employees-gdc","name":"Employees, GDC annual reports","topic":"staffing","subject":"Georgia state prisons","unit":"count","period_type":"fiscal_year","publisher":"Georgia Department of Corrections","instrument":"GDC \/ Board of Corrections annual reports","definition":"GDC employees, as printed.","caveats":null,"live":false,"first_year":1971,"last_year":2003,"values":20,"url":"https:\/\/gps.press\/historical-data\/#employees-gdc","api":"https:\/\/gps.press\/wp-json\/gps-historical\/v1\/series\/employees-gdc"}]}