Mortality/Deaths in Custody
GDC Release-by-Death: a single-methodology in-custody death series for Georgia (CY2015-CY2025, FY2016-FY2026)
A single-methodology, GDC-sourced annual in-custody death count for Georgia, read directly out of GDC's own "Profile of Inmate Releases" reports (actual release type code 62, Death), and validated against GPS's two independent death rosters.TWO SEPARATE SERIES, NEVER TO BE MIXED: calendar-year editions CY2015-CY2025 (11 years) and state-fiscal-year editions FY2016-FY2026 (11 years). The two cover overlapping periods and must never be summed, averaged together, interleaved, or compared to each other. Every datapoint in this collection names its own period type.WHY IT EXISTS: GPS's post-2020 death figures come from its own registry; its pre-2020 figures come from the UCLA Law Behind Bars roster. Those are two different counting methods, so a rise measured across the 2020 boundary could always be waved away as "better counting, not more dying." The GDC release-by-death series is ONE count produced the same way by the same office every year, which retires that objection. Validated: it agrees with the GPS registry to within 5 in each of the six overlapping years (2020-2025), exactly at 333 in 2024 and exactly at 301 in 2025.⛔ Every figure here is an administrative release-reason count, never a cause of death.
Key Findings
The most impactful data from this research collection.
One GDC count, every year — the reason a pre/post-2020 trend can be stated at all
Methodology noteCY and FY are two series, not two readings of one
Methodology noteGDC counted them all — it just would not name six of them
Finding72
The pre-2020 roster was short by 72. Now measured, not guessed.
Finding63.6
+64% on one methodology — no pre-2020 year reaches any post-2020 year
TrendAll Data Points
30 verified data points extracted from primary sources.
METHODOLOGY: the GDC release-by-death series is ONE consistent GDC-produced count, which is what makes it usable for trend analysis Methodology note
Georgia's in-custody death figures have until now come from two different counting methods stitched together at 2020: the UCLA Law Behind Bars roster for 2015-2019 and GPS's own registry for 2020 onward. Any rise measured ACROSS that seam is contest…
METHODOLOGY: the calendar-year and fiscal-year GDC release series are SEPARATE and must never be summed, interleaved or compared to each other Methodology note
GDC publishes the "Profile of Inmate Releases" twice for overlapping ground: a CALENDAR-year edition (produced each January, covering 1 January - 31 December) and a state-FISCAL-year edition (produced each July, covering 1 July - 30 June). GPS holds…
METHODOLOGY: release type 62 "Death" is an administrative release reason, not a cause or manner of death Methodology note
This is an administrative RELEASE-REASON count produced by GDC's Data Management Section — the number of people whose release from GDC custody was recorded as release type 62, Death. It is NOT an autopsy finding, NOT a cause-of-death determination a…
GDC calendar-year releases by death, CY2015: 150 (145 male, 5 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 150 releases from its custody in calendar year 2015 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 145 male and 5 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: CALENDAR YEAR 2015 (1 January - 31 December 2015). SERIES: …
150 deaths (GDC releases by death, CY) vs. UCLA Law Behind Bars named-death roster, 2015
GDC calendar-year releases by death, CY2016: 151 (145 male, 6 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 151 releases from its custody in calendar year 2016 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 145 male and 6 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: CALENDAR YEAR 2016 (1 January - 31 December 2016). SERIES: …
151 deaths (GDC releases by death, CY) vs. UCLA Law Behind Bars named-death roster, 2016
GDC calendar-year releases by death, CY2017: 190 (176 male, 14 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 190 releases from its custody in calendar year 2017 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 176 male and 14 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: CALENDAR YEAR 2017 (1 January - 31 December 2017). SERIES:…
190 deaths (GDC releases by death, CY) vs. UCLA Law Behind Bars named-death roster, 2017
GDC calendar-year releases by death, CY2018: 196 (189 male, 7 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 196 releases from its custody in calendar year 2018 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 189 male and 7 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: CALENDAR YEAR 2018 (1 January - 31 December 2018). SERIES: …
196 deaths (GDC releases by death, CY) vs. UCLA Law Behind Bars named-death roster, 2018
GDC calendar-year releases by death, CY2019: 176 (165 male, 11 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 176 releases from its custody in calendar year 2019 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 165 male and 11 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: CALENDAR YEAR 2019 (1 January - 31 December 2019). SERIES:…
176 deaths (GDC releases by death, CY) vs. UCLA Law Behind Bars named-death roster, 2019
GDC calendar-year releases by death, CY2020: 292 (287 male, 5 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 292 releases from its custody in calendar year 2020 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 287 male and 5 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: CALENDAR YEAR 2020 (1 January - 31 December 2020). SERIES: …
292 deaths (GDC releases by death, CY) vs. GPS in-custody death registry, 2020
GDC calendar-year releases by death, CY2021: 259 (246 male, 13 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 259 releases from its custody in calendar year 2021 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 246 male and 13 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: CALENDAR YEAR 2021 (1 January - 31 December 2021). SERIES:…
259 deaths (GDC releases by death, CY) vs. GPS in-custody death registry, 2021
GDC calendar-year releases by death, CY2022: 252 (241 male, 11 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 252 releases from its custody in calendar year 2022 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 241 male and 11 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: CALENDAR YEAR 2022 (1 January - 31 December 2022). SERIES:…
252 deaths (GDC releases by death, CY) vs. GPS in-custody death registry, 2022
GDC calendar-year releases by death, CY2023: 257 (250 male, 7 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 257 releases from its custody in calendar year 2023 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 250 male and 7 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: CALENDAR YEAR 2023 (1 January - 31 December 2023). SERIES: …
257 deaths (GDC releases by death, CY) vs. GPS in-custody death registry, 2023
GDC calendar-year releases by death, CY2024: 333 (325 male, 8 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 333 releases from its custody in calendar year 2024 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 325 male and 8 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: CALENDAR YEAR 2024 (1 January - 31 December 2024). SERIES: …
333 deaths (GDC releases by death, CY) vs. GPS in-custody death registry, 2024
GDC calendar-year releases by death, CY2025: 301 (289 male, 12 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 301 releases from its custody in calendar year 2025 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 289 male and 12 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: CALENDAR YEAR 2025 (1 January - 31 December 2025). SERIES:…
301 deaths (GDC releases by death, CY) vs. GPS in-custody death registry, 2025
GDC fiscal-year releases by death, FY2016: 151 (141 male, 10 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 151 releases from its custody in state fiscal year 2016 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 141 male and 10 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: STATE FISCAL YEAR 2016 (1 July 2015 - 30 June 2016). S…
151 deaths (GDC releases by death, FY)
GDC fiscal-year releases by death, FY2017: 160 (150 male, 10 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 160 releases from its custody in state fiscal year 2017 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 150 male and 10 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: STATE FISCAL YEAR 2017 (1 July 2016 - 30 June 2017). S…
160 deaths (GDC releases by death, FY)
GDC fiscal-year releases by death, FY2018: 221 (212 male, 9 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 221 releases from its custody in state fiscal year 2018 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 212 male and 9 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: STATE FISCAL YEAR 2018 (1 July 2017 - 30 June 2018). SE…
221 deaths (GDC releases by death, FY)
GDC fiscal-year releases by death, FY2019: 169 (163 male, 6 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 169 releases from its custody in state fiscal year 2019 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 163 male and 6 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: STATE FISCAL YEAR 2019 (1 July 2018 - 30 June 2019). SE…
169 deaths (GDC releases by death, FY)
GDC fiscal-year releases by death, FY2020: 218 (208 male, 10 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 218 releases from its custody in state fiscal year 2020 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 208 male and 10 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: STATE FISCAL YEAR 2020 (1 July 2019 - 30 June 2020). S…
218 deaths (GDC releases by death, FY)
GDC fiscal-year releases by death, FY2021: 286 (280 male, 6 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 286 releases from its custody in state fiscal year 2021 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 280 male and 6 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: STATE FISCAL YEAR 2021 (1 July 2020 - 30 June 2021). SE…
286 deaths (GDC releases by death, FY)
GDC fiscal-year releases by death, FY2022: 264 (249 male, 15 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 264 releases from its custody in state fiscal year 2022 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 249 male and 15 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: STATE FISCAL YEAR 2022 (1 July 2021 - 30 June 2022). S…
264 deaths (GDC releases by death, FY)
GDC fiscal-year releases by death, FY2023: 252 (243 male, 9 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 252 releases from its custody in state fiscal year 2023 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 243 male and 9 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: STATE FISCAL YEAR 2023 (1 July 2022 - 30 June 2023). SE…
252 deaths (GDC releases by death, FY)
GDC fiscal-year releases by death, FY2024: 285 (278 male, 7 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 285 releases from its custody in state fiscal year 2024 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 278 male and 7 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: STATE FISCAL YEAR 2024 (1 July 2023 - 30 June 2024). SE…
285 deaths (GDC releases by death, FY)
GDC fiscal-year releases by death, FY2025: 325 (316 male, 9 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 325 releases from its custody in state fiscal year 2025 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 316 male and 9 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: STATE FISCAL YEAR 2025 (1 July 2024 - 30 June 2025). SE…
325 deaths (GDC releases by death, FY)
GDC fiscal-year releases by death, FY2026: 309 (294 male, 15 female) Statistic
GDC recorded 309 releases from its custody in state fiscal year 2026 under actual release type code 62, "Death" — 294 male and 15 female. Male plus female sums to the stated total.PERIOD TYPE: STATE FISCAL YEAR 2026 (1 July 2025 - 30 June 2026). S…
309 deaths (GDC releases by death, FY)
VALIDATED: GDC's aggregate death count agrees with GPS's independent registry in all six overlapping years, 2020-2025 — the gap in GDC's disclosure is a NAMING gap, not a counting gap Finding
Compared year by year against GPS's own name-level in-custody death registry, GDC's calendar-year release-by-death count agrees to within five in every one of the six overlapping years, and exactly in two of them.2020: GDC 292 vs registry 294 (-2)…
MEASURED: the UCLA Law Behind Bars Georgia roster is short of GDC's own count by 72 deaths across 2015-2019 (8.3% of the GDC total) Finding
GDC's calendar-year release-by-death counts for 2015-2019 are higher than the UCLA Law Behind Bars named-death roster in every one of the five years.2015: GDC 150 vs UCLA 143 (+7); 2016: GDC 151 vs UCLA 138 (+13); 2017: GDC 190 vs UCLA 175 (+15); …
TREND: on GDC's single, consistent count, Georgia's annual in-custody deaths rose 64% from the 2015-2019 average to the 2020-2025 average — the rise is real, not an artifact of counting method Trend
Within ONE series — GDC's calendar-year release-by-death count, same office, same report, same field, every year — the annual figures run:CY2015 150 CY2016 151 CY2017 190 CY2018 196 CY2019 176 CY2020 292 CY2021 259 CY2022 252 CY2023 257 C…
DATA GAP: the GDC release-by-death series reaches back only to CY2015; nothing earlier is in the corpus, and the monthly profiles cannot supply it Data gap
The single-methodology series stops at CY2015 (calendar) and FY2016 (fiscal). What was checked and what it yielded:1. "Profile of Inmate Releases" — 22 documents, and only 22: CY2015-CY2025 and FY2016-FY2026. No CY2014 or earlier edition, and no F…
DATA GAP: the series carries no names, no causes and no facilities — and GDC's refusal to name six of the 301 it counted in 2025 is the gap that remains Data gap
The GDC release-by-death series is an aggregate. It gives a count and a male/female split and nothing else: no names, no ages, no facilities, no dates within the year, no causes, no manners of death, no autopsy status. It cannot support any claim ab…
Sources
24 cited sources backing this research.
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Gps original